时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。它是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式,下面是小编收集整理的高中专题英语时态和语态,大家一起来看看吧!
高中专题英语时态和语态:
【2011四川宜宾】 ________widely in our daily life.
A . use B. used C. were used D. are used
答案:D
【解析】D考查一般现在时的被动语态,根据句意:计算机在日常生活中得到广泛应用。故选D。
【2011天津】39. Today a lot of information can _____ online.
A. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving
答案:B
【解析】 被动语态。 今天有很多信息能在网上收到,信息被收到要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态的构成:情态动词+be +过去分词。
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【2011?广西柳州】Half of the work ______ by now.
A. has finished B. has been finished C. have been finished
答案B
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。 句意:一半的工作已经被完成。可知要用被动语态结构,work是不可数名词,所以用单数has been finished,故选B。
(2011湖南岳阳中考) year lots of trees ______ to make our country more beautiful.
A. is planter B. are planted C. plant
解析:本题考查动词语态。trees是动词plant的宾语,提前了,故用被动语态,所以答案选B。
【2011湖南益阳】24. His car was ______ by the police because he drove too fast
A. stopping B. stopped C. stop
答案:B
【解析】语态的考查。从后面的by判断,应该是被动语态,be +动词的过去分词。
过去完成时典型考题:
1. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ______ to half a dozen other groups.
A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given
分析:C。许多同学可能会简单地根据前面的was giving而误选A。但事实上,此题提供的语境是:我当时正在给一群人作报告,这个报告我曾给其他若干批人讲过。由于was giving为过去进行时,而“曾给其他若干批人讲过”显然发生在was giving这一过去时间之前,故用过去完成时,即答案选C。
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2. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3, 000 more than he ______ for the wedding.
A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned
分析:D。首先将选项分成两组:C和D为“过去组”,A和B为“非过去组”,而根据句中的got married和last week可推知,此题的答案应在“过去组”中。然后再根据句意比较get married与plan的先后关系,显然是先“计划”,后“结婚”,而“结婚”在句中用了一般过去时,故“计划”要用过去完成时。
与现在完成时连用的典型词语:
1. up to now
up to now 的意思是“到现在为此”,指从过去持续到现在的一段时间,通常与现在完成时连用。如:
Up to now he’s been quiet. 他直到此刻仍保持沉默。
Up to now, the work has been easy. 到现在为止这工作还算容易。
2. It’s the first time that…
It’s the first [second, third…] time that… 的意思是“这是第一次(第二次、第三次……)做某事”,其中的that从句通常要用现在完成时。如:
It’s the second time I’ve come here. 这是我第二次来这儿。
It’s the first time that he has seen an elephant. 这是他第一次见到大象。
现在进行时讲解:
一、如何理解现在进行时
顾名思义,现在进行时就是指说话时正在进行的动作或发生的情况。如汉语说的“我在看书”“他在吃饭”“火车在行驶”“秘书在打字”等,在英语中都要用现在进行进来表达,因为它们所涉及的动作在说话的时刻都正在进行。
二、现在进行时的定义
现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。如:
The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。
The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。
We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。